Chapter 1: Introduction to Computers and IT (Set-8)
A computer system that produces wrong results after correct processing logic usually has
A Faulty mouse pad
B Low screen size
C Wrong input data
D Loud speaker sound
Even if the computer processes instructions correctly, wrong input leads to wrong output. This is why careful data entry and validation are important. Computers follow given data exactly without judging correctness.
A company uses computers to generate bills, update stock, and print receipts automatically; this best shows
A Automation in tasks
B Manual book keeping
C Mechanical counting
D Human judgment
Automation means the computer performs tasks automatically once rules and software are set. Billing systems calculate totals, update inventory, and print receipts without repeated manual calculations, saving time and reducing errors.
When a computer is used for typing, designing, and video calls on the same device, it shows
A Heat generation
B Physical weight
C Paper output
D Versatility of computer
Versatility means a computer can perform different types of tasks. By using different software, the same device can handle office work, communication, and creative tasks without changing the hardware setup.
Which statement correctly explains a computer’s limitation in decision making
A Always self-learning
B Has human emotions
C No common sense
D Understands values
Computers do not truly understand meaning, emotions, or context. They follow instructions and data. In many real-life decisions, human common sense and values are needed, which computers cannot naturally provide.
A student record report should be correct, complete, and consistent; this mainly relates to
A Screen brightness
B Information quality
C Keyboard layout
D Printer ink
Information quality means the output is accurate, complete, and consistent. Good-quality information supports correct decisions. Poor-quality information can mislead users and create problems in records, reporting, and planning.
Which scenario best represents “data” rather than “information”
A Final result sheet
B Class topper report
C Unsorted marks list
D Attendance summary
A list of marks is raw data. It becomes information after processing, such as totals, grades, ranks, and summaries. Data alone may not be meaningful until it is organized for understanding.
In IPO cycle, which option is the “input” for online admission form submission
A Entered student details
B Generated merit list
C Printed acknowledgement
D Calculated cut-off
Input is the data entered into the system. In an online form, the student’s details are input. The system processes them and later produces outputs such as acknowledgement slips or merit lists.
In IPO cycle, which option best represents “output” in online banking
A Typing account number
B Clicking submit button
C Entering OTP
D Transaction confirmation
Output is the result shown after processing. In online banking, transaction confirmation is output because it displays the processed result of the transfer, including status, reference number, and updated details.
A barcode scanner in a retail store is best classified as
A Output device
B Storage device
C Input device
D Processing unit
A barcode scanner reads product codes and sends them to the computer. This provides data for billing and stock updates, so it is an input device, similar to a keyboard for entering information.
Which device is most suitable for printing detailed maps and large technical drawings
A Plotter device
B Keyboard device
C Mouse device
D Webcam device
Plotters print large, high-precision line drawings like maps and engineering designs. They are used where accuracy and large paper sizes are needed, which normal printers may not handle effectively.
Which computer type is best for handling complex scientific simulations with huge datasets
A Tablet device
B Smartphone device
C Supercomputer system
D Microcomputer system
Supercomputers are built for extremely high-speed calculations and parallel processing. They are used in weather prediction, research, and simulations where very large data and complex computations are required.
Which computer type is most suitable for many users accessing one system in a large bank
A Laptop computer
B Mainframe computer
C Tablet computer
D Analog computer
Mainframes support many users and heavy transactions at the same time. They are designed for reliability, security, and continuous operation, making them suitable for banking and large organizational systems.
A computer built inside a router to control network functions is a typical example of
A Embedded system
B Supercomputer unit
C Mainframe system
D Workstation PC
Embedded systems are special-purpose computers built into devices like routers. They run specific functions continuously, often with limited user interface, and are designed for reliability and dedicated control tasks.
Which type of computer uses discrete binary values for processing
A Analog computer
B Abacus tool
C Mechanical gear
D Digital computer
Digital computers represent data using binary digits (0 and 1). They perform arithmetic and logic operations electronically and are used in modern devices like PCs, phones, and servers.
Which type of computer mainly deals with continuous signals like voltage and temperature
A Digital computer
B Microcomputer
C Analog computer
D Mainframe
Analog computers work with continuous values and represent data as continuously changing quantities. They are useful in measurement-based systems, though modern digital systems are more common today.
A medical system that measures continuous signals but stores results digitally is closest to
A Hybrid computer
B Analog computer
C Abacus system
D Manual calculator
Hybrid computers combine analog measurement with digital processing. They capture continuous real-world signals quickly and convert them into digital form for accurate calculation, display, and storage in medical and industrial uses.
Which characteristic is most linked with performing the same task repeatedly without getting tired
A Creativity
B Emotion
C Diligence
D Humor
Diligence means the computer can work continuously for long periods without fatigue. It maintains the same speed and accuracy, making it useful for repetitive tasks like billing, sorting, and data entry.
Which feature mainly explains why computers can store thousands of student records
A Screen brightness
B High storage capacity
C Keyboard size
D Mouse speed
Computers store large data using storage devices like HDD and SSD. High storage capacity allows saving databases, documents, and backups, so institutions can maintain records and retrieve them quickly.
Which statement best explains “garbage in, garbage out” in computer results
A CPU stops working
B Monitor becomes dark
C Printer runs fast
D Output depends input
If wrong data is entered, the computer will still process it correctly, but the output will be wrong. This idea is called “garbage in, garbage out,” showing why correct input is important.
Which field most commonly uses computers for transaction processing and record safety
A Handcraft work
B Stone carving
C Banking services
D Manual farming
Banks use computers to process deposits, withdrawals, transfers, and account records. Computers provide speed, accuracy, and safe storage, which are essential for handling large numbers of transactions daily.
Which early calculating device is based on beads and rods
A Abacus
B ENIAC
C EDVAC
D UNIVAC
The abacus is an ancient manual calculating tool. It helped perform arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction long before mechanical and electronic computers were invented.
Which mechanical calculator is associated with Blaise Pascal
A Difference Engine
B Analytical Engine
C Pascaline
D UNIVAC
The Pascaline was a mechanical calculator created by Blaise Pascal. It used gears to perform arithmetic operations, reducing manual calculation effort and showing early automation in computation.
Which machine was designed by Babbage to compute mathematical tables automatically
A Difference Engine
B Pascaline
C Abacus
D EDVAC
The Difference Engine was designed to compute and print mathematical tables accurately. It aimed to reduce human errors in table calculations and became an important step in computer history.
Which design by Babbage is considered a concept of a general-purpose programmable computer
A Abacus tool
B Slide rule
C Analytical Engine
D Typewriter
The Analytical Engine included ideas like memory, control, and programmable instructions. It was designed as a general-purpose machine, which is why it is considered a foundation concept for modern computers.
Which early electronic computer is famous for using vacuum tubes extensively
A Abacus
B Pascaline
C Tablet
D ENIAC
ENIAC used many vacuum tubes for electronic circuits. It was large, produced heat, and consumed high power, but it demonstrated that electronic computing could be much faster than mechanical methods.
Which early computer is linked with the stored-program concept improvement
A ENIAC
B EDVAC
C Abacus
D Pascaline
EDVAC supported the stored-program idea where instructions and data are stored in memory. This allowed easier reprogramming compared to earlier designs and became a key model for modern computers.
Which early commercial computer was used for business and government tasks
A EDVAC
B ENIAC
C UNIVAC
D Abacus
UNIVAC was among the first commercial computers. It helped process large business and government records, proving computers could be useful beyond scientific calculations.
Which generation used vacuum tubes as main electronic components
A First generation
B Second generation
C Third generation
D Fourth generation
First-generation computers used vacuum tubes, making them large and heat-producing. They needed much power and maintenance, but they were the start of electronic computing.
Which generation replaced vacuum tubes with transistors
A First generation
B Third generation
C Second generation
D Fifth generation
Second-generation computers used transistors. Transistors reduced size, heat, and power consumption while improving reliability and speed compared to vacuum tube-based computers.
Which generation introduced integrated circuits widely
A Second generation
B First generation
C Fifth generation
D Third generation
Third-generation computers used integrated circuits, combining many components on a chip. This increased speed, reduced size, and improved reliability, allowing better software and wider computer use.
Which generation is associated with microprocessors and personal computers
A Third generation
B Fourth generation
C Second generation
D First generation
Fourth-generation computers used microprocessors, placing CPU functions on one chip. This led to smaller, cheaper personal computers widely used in homes, schools, and offices.
Which generation is often linked with artificial intelligence goals
A First generation
B Second generation
C Fifth generation
D Third generation
Fifth-generation computing is associated with AI goals like natural language processing and intelligent systems. It represents progress toward smarter computing beyond traditional processing and storage improvements.
Who is called the father of computers for major early computer designs
A Charles Babbage
B Alan Turing
C Bill Gates
D Steve Jobs
Charles Babbage designed concepts like the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine. His programmable machine ideas strongly influenced modern computer architecture, earning him the title father of computers.
Who proposed the Turing Machine concept in computing theory
A Ada Lovelace
B Grace Hopper
C Alan Turing
D Blaise Pascal
Alan Turing introduced the Turing Machine as a theoretical model of computation. His work laid foundations for computer science and helped explain what problems a machine can solve.
Who described an architecture where data and instructions share the same memory
A Dennis Ritchie
B Tim Berners-Lee
C Herman Hollerith
D John von Neumann
Von Neumann architecture stores both instructions and data in the same memory. This stored-program design allows flexible programming and became the base model for most modern computers.
Who developed punched-card tabulating systems for large data processing
A Steve Jobs
B Bill Gates
C Herman Hollerith
D Vint Cerf
Hollerith used punched cards to process large datasets quickly, especially for census work. His methods improved speed and accuracy and influenced later business data processing technology.
Who is considered the first programmer for early algorithm work
A Alan Turing
B Ada Lovelace
C Steve Jobs
D Dennis Ritchie
Ada Lovelace wrote algorithm-like instructions for Babbage’s Analytical Engine. She explained how a machine could follow steps, so she is often considered the first programmer.
Which pioneer is known for compilers and COBOL development support
A Blaise Pascal
B Tim Berners-Lee
C Grace Hopper
D Vint Cerf
Grace Hopper developed early compiler ideas and supported COBOL. Her work made programming more readable and practical for business tasks, helping software development grow in large organizations.
Who is credited with inventing the World Wide Web
A Tim Berners-Lee
B Vint Cerf
C Bill Gates
D Steve Jobs
Tim Berners-Lee created the World Wide Web by developing HTML, HTTP, and URLs. This allowed people to access linked information easily through web browsers.
Who is a key figure in internet protocol development like TCP/IP
A Dennis Ritchie
B Ada Lovelace
C Blaise Pascal
D Vint Cerf
Vint Cerf is a major contributor to TCP/IP protocols, which allow devices to communicate across networks reliably. These protocols form the core foundation of the internet.
Which term refers to physical components you can touch in a computer
A Software
B Data
C Hardware
D Output
Hardware includes physical parts like CPU, keyboard, monitor, and storage devices. Software runs on hardware and tells it what to do, but hardware is the tangible part of the system.
Which term refers to programs and instructions that run on a computer
A Software
B Hardware
C Cable
D Case
Software is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to perform tasks. It includes system software like operating systems and application software like word processors.
Which software type is stored permanently to help hardware start and work
A Spreadsheet
B Firmware
C Browser
D Antivirus
Firmware is built-in software stored in non-volatile memory. It controls basic hardware functions such as startup checks and device control, like BIOS/UEFI in personal computers.
What is the name of the startup process that loads the operating system
A Scanning
B Printing
C Booting
D Formatting
Booting is the process of starting the computer and loading the operating system into RAM. It includes hardware checks and loading system files so the computer becomes ready for use.
Which interface uses icons and menus to help users operate a computer
A CLI interface
B BIOS screen
C POST display
D GUI interface
GUI uses graphical elements like icons, windows, and menus. It is easy for beginners because tasks can be done by clicking rather than typing commands.
Which interface mainly requires typing commands in text form
A GUI interface
B Touch interface
C CLI interface
D Voice interface
CLI is a text-based interface where commands are typed to perform tasks. It is powerful for experts, troubleshooting, and scripting, and it can work even without graphical display.
Which lab safety practice best prevents electrical hazards and device damage
A Keep liquids away
B Pull plugs daily
C Run near cables
D Block ventilation
Liquids can spill and cause short circuits, electric shock, and device damage. Keeping drinks away from computers and power boards is a basic and important safety rule in labs.
Which ergonomics habit helps reduce wrist strain during long typing work
A Bend wrist sharply
B Grip mouse tightly
C Keep wrist straight
D Type with force
Keeping wrists straight maintains a neutral posture, reducing strain on muscles and tendons. Correct keyboard height, relaxed hands, and short breaks also help prevent repetitive strain injuries.
Which is an example of ethical computer use in an office
A Copy cracked apps
B Read others mail
C Change others files
D Use licensed software
Using licensed software respects copyright and avoids legal trouble. It also reduces malware risk and ensures updates and support, making systems safer and more reliable.
Which basic troubleshooting step is best if a monitor shows no display but CPU seems on
A Break monitor screen
B Remove CPU quickly
C Check display cable
D Shake system unit
No display can occur due to a loose VGA/HDMI cable or wrong input source. Checking connections is a safe first step before deeper troubleshooting, avoiding unnecessary hardware handling and potential damage.