Chapter 2: Computer Hardware and Peripheral Devices (Set-1)
In a desktop computer, which part mainly performs arithmetic and logical operations during processing
A Control unit
B Registers storage
C Arithmetic logic unit
D Cache memory
It is the part of the CPU that carries out calculations and logical decisions like AND/OR and comparisons. The control unit directs tasks, while registers and cache mainly store temporary data.
Which CPU part coordinates and controls the execution of instructions step by step
A Control unit
B ALU section
C GPU core
D RAM module
The control unit fetches instructions, decodes them, and sends signals to other parts so work happens in the correct order. The ALU calculates, while RAM and GPU are separate components.
Which CPU storage is the smallest and fastest for holding immediate data and instructions
A Hard disk drive
B CPU registers
C Optical disk
D Pen drive
Registers are tiny, ultra-fast storage locations inside the CPU. They hold data and addresses currently being used. Disks and pen drives are much slower and store data long-term.
Which motherboard feature decides what CPUs and RAM types can be supported
A Cabinet size
B Keyboard layout
C Chipset design
D Speaker power
The chipset controls communication between CPU, RAM, storage, and peripherals. It heavily influences supported processors, memory types, and expansion options. Cabinet and external devices do not decide compatibility.
Which firmware starts hardware checks and begins the boot process when a PC is powered on
A Device driver
B Word processor
C Antivirus tool
D BIOS or UEFI
BIOS/UEFI runs first, performs basic hardware initialization, and starts the bootloader to load the operating system. Drivers load later inside the OS, and applications start much later.
Which component converts AC power from wall supply into usable DC power for internal parts
A SMPS unit
B Heat sink
C CPU socket
D RAM slot
The SMPS provides regulated DC voltages to motherboard, drives, and fans. A heat sink only removes heat, while CPU socket and RAM slots are connectors for components, not power converters.
To reduce CPU overheating during heavy work, which combination is most directly responsible
A Mouse and keyboard
B BIOS and driver
C Heat sink and fan
D Speaker and mic
A heat sink absorbs and spreads CPU heat, and the fan pushes air to remove it. Together they prevent thermal throttling and damage. Input/output devices do not cool the CPU.
Which motherboard slot is mainly used to install a graphics card on most modern desktops
A RAM slot
B PCIe x16 slot
C SATA port
D RJ45 port
PCIe x16 provides high bandwidth for graphics cards. RAM slots hold memory modules, SATA connects storage drives, and RJ45 is for Ethernet networking, not internal expansion cards.
What is the main purpose of RAM in a computer system during normal operation
A Temporary working memory
B Permanent data storage
C Print output control
D Power voltage control
RAM stores programs and data currently in use so the CPU can access them quickly. It is volatile, meaning data is lost when power is off. Permanent storage is done by drives.
Which memory type generally holds permanent startup firmware and does not lose content without power
A RAM memory
B Cache memory
C ROM memory
D Register memory
ROM stores firmware or boot code and keeps data without power. RAM and cache are volatile and used for active tasks. Registers are inside the CPU for very short-term operations.
Which memory is usually fastest among cache, RAM, and HDD for data access
A HDD storage
B RAM memory
C DVD disk
D Cache memory
Cache is very fast memory located close to or inside the CPU, used to speed up repeated access. RAM is slower than cache, and HDD/DVD are far slower storage devices.
Compared to HDD, which storage device commonly offers faster speed and no moving parts
A DVD disk
B Floppy disk
C SSD drive
D Tape drive
SSDs use flash memory, so they are faster and more shock-resistant than HDDs. HDDs rely on spinning disks and mechanical heads. DVDs and tapes are slower and used differently.
Which storage device is best described as a portable flash storage used through a USB port
A Pen drive
B RAM stick
C Heat sink
D Motherboard
A pen drive stores data in flash memory and connects via USB for easy transfer. RAM is not used as portable storage, and heat sink/motherboard are internal hardware parts.
Which unit is typically the most suitable for measuring large storage like a 1 TB drive
A Kilobyte unit
B Terabyte unit
C Megabyte unit
D Gigabyte unit
Terabyte is commonly used for large storage capacities like modern HDDs and SSDs. Smaller units like KB, MB, and GB are used for smaller files or lower capacities.
Which type of disk uses laser technology to read and write data
A SSD storage
B Optical disk
C RAM module
D Cache chip
Optical disks like CD/DVD/Blu-ray use a laser to read and sometimes write data. SSD and RAM use electronic memory cells, and cache chips are part of the CPU performance system.
For connecting an internal HDD or SSD to the motherboard for data transfer, which interface is common
A VGA connector
B RJ11 connector
C HDMI connector
D SATA connector
SATA is widely used for internal storage devices and carries data between the drive and motherboard. VGA and HDMI are display connectors, while RJ11 is used for telephone lines.
Which device is mainly used to convert printed text pages into digital images for a computer
A Scanner device
B Projector device
C Speaker device
D Plotter device
A scanner captures documents and images into digital form, often saved as JPG or PDF. A projector displays output, a speaker plays sound, and a plotter is mainly for large drawings.
Which input device is primarily used to capture moving video for online meetings
A Joystick device
B Barcode reader
C Webcam device
D Plotter device
A webcam records live video and sends it to the computer for calls or recording. Joysticks are for games, barcode readers scan codes, and plotters create large printed graphics.
Which device is mainly used to enter voice or sound into a computer system
A Monitor screen
B Microphone device
C Printer device
D Router device
A microphone converts sound waves into electrical signals for recording, calls, and speech input. Monitor and printer are output devices, and a router handles network connectivity, not sound input.
Which input device is commonly used to scan product codes in shops and warehouses
A Light pen
B Speaker box
C Plotter unit
D Barcode reader
A barcode reader uses light to read barcode patterns and sends the decoded number to the computer. Speakers and plotters are output devices, and a light pen is not common for barcodes.
Which output device shows visual information from the computer on a screen
A Keyboard device
B Scanner device
C Monitor device
D Microphone device
A monitor displays text, images, and video produced by the computer. Keyboard, scanner, and microphone are input devices used to send data into the system, not display output.
Which output device is used to produce a hard copy of documents on paper
A Printer device
B Mouse device
C Webcam device
D Joystick device
Printers convert digital documents into printed paper output. Mice, webcams, and joysticks are used for input. Printer types differ, but the main function remains hard copy creation.
Which output device is mainly designed for producing large engineering drawings with high precision
A Speaker device
B Monitor device
C Scanner device
D Plotter device
Plotters are used for large, detailed vector drawings like maps and blueprints. Speakers output sound, monitors output display visuals, and scanners input documents into the computer.
Which port is most commonly used today to connect many peripherals like keyboard, mouse, and pen drives
A USB port
B VGA port
C PS/2 port
D RJ11 port
USB is a universal connector used for many devices and supports plug-and-play. VGA is for display, PS/2 is older for keyboard/mouse, and RJ11 is mainly for telephone connections.
Which display connector commonly carries both high-quality video and audio through one cable
A VGA port
B HDMI port
C PS/2 port
D SATA port
HDMI sends digital video and audio together, widely used for monitors and TVs. VGA is analog video only, PS/2 is for input devices, and SATA connects internal storage drives.
Which older video connector typically carries analog display signals and is often blue colored
A VGA connector
B HDMI connector
C USB connector
D RJ45 connector
VGA is an analog video interface commonly found on older PCs and monitors. HDMI is digital, USB is general peripheral connection, and RJ45 is used for Ethernet networking.
Which connector is used for wired network connection in Ethernet cables
A RJ11 connector
B SATA connector
C RJ45 connector
D DVI connector
RJ45 is the standard connector for Ethernet LAN cables. RJ11 is for telephone lines, SATA is for internal storage data, and DVI is for video output to a monitor.
Which connector type is mainly associated with internal data cable for SATA hard drives
A HDMI cable
B SATA data cable
C Audio jack
D VGA cable
SATA data cable connects internal drives to the motherboard for data transfer. HDMI and VGA are display cables, and audio jack is for sound input/output, not internal drive data.
When a phone connects to a computer wirelessly for file transfer, which common method is used
A SATA connection
B DVI connection
C VGA connection
D Bluetooth connection
Bluetooth enables short-range wireless data transfer between devices like phones and computers. SATA, DVI, and VGA are wired interfaces used for storage or video, not wireless communication.
Which device allows a desktop computer without built-in wireless to connect to Wi-Fi networks
A VGA splitter
B SATA splitter
C Wi-Fi adapter
D Power supply
A Wi-Fi adapter provides wireless connectivity, often via USB or PCIe. VGA splitters handle displays, SATA splitters connect drives, and the power supply only delivers electrical power.
Which feature allows an operating system to detect a new device and install basic support automatically
A Plug and play
B Disk defragment
C Screen capture
D Safe mode
Plug and play lets the system detect hardware and allocate resources automatically, often installing default drivers. Defragmentation is for HDD optimization, screen capture is a software action, and safe mode is troubleshooting.
What is a device driver mainly used for in a computer system
A Clean computer files
B Increase monitor size
C Control hardware device
D Charge CMOS battery
A driver is software that helps the operating system communicate with hardware like printers and graphics cards. Without proper drivers, devices may not work correctly or may have limited features.
In Windows, where can you usually check device status, drivers, and hardware errors
A Task Scheduler
B Device Manager
C Control Panel
D File Explorer
Device Manager lists installed hardware, shows warning symbols for issues, and allows driver updates or rollbacks. File Explorer manages files, Task Scheduler runs tasks, and Control Panel has settings but less direct hardware view.
If a printer shows “driver unavailable” after connecting, what is the most direct solution
A Change CPU speed
B Format hard disk
C Replace monitor cable
D Install printer driver
Installing the correct printer driver enables proper communication between OS and printer. CPU speed, disk formatting, and monitor cables do not fix driver availability problems for printers.
Which driver is most important for best display performance and gaming on a PC
A Keyboard driver
B Audio jack driver
C Graphics driver
D USB cable driver
Graphics drivers enable full GPU features, better resolution support, and higher performance in 3D applications. Keyboard drivers are simple, and cables themselves do not need drivers like hardware devices do.
Firmware updates are most closely associated with improving or fixing which type of component software
A Hardware built-in code
B Office document format
C Web browser cache
D Email settings data
Firmware is low-level software stored on hardware devices like motherboards, SSDs, or routers. Updating firmware can improve stability or compatibility. It is not related to office files or browser cache.
Why is matching 32-bit and 64-bit drivers with the operating system important
A Improve monitor brightness
B Prevent driver mismatch
C Reduce printer ink use
D Increase keyboard speed
A 64-bit OS generally needs 64-bit drivers to work properly. Using the wrong driver type can stop hardware from functioning or cause errors. Brightness, ink, and keyboard speed are unrelated.
Which component stores BIOS settings and keeps system clock running even when PC is off
A RAM module
B CMOS battery
C Heat sink
D USB hub
The CMOS battery powers the real-time clock and preserves BIOS/UEFI settings when the system is unplugged. RAM loses data without power, and heat sinks or USB hubs do not store settings.
Which device helps provide backup power for a short time during electricity failure
A VGA cable
B Printer spooler
C RAM slot
D UPS device
A UPS supplies temporary power and allows safe shutdown during power cuts. It helps protect against sudden outages. Cables, software spoolers, and slots do not provide backup electrical power.
Which tool is used to protect sensitive electronics from sudden voltage fluctuations in some areas
A Voltage stabilizer
B Barcode scanner
C Optical mouse
D Web camera
A voltage stabilizer regulates incoming voltage to protect devices from over-voltage or under-voltage conditions. Scanners, mice, and webcams are peripherals and do not control electrical stability.
Which precaution best helps prevent damage to computer parts from static electricity during handling
A Use high brightness
B Print test page
C Use ESD protection
D Clear browser history
ESD precautions like grounding straps and anti-static mats prevent static discharge that can damage chips and memory. Brightness and printing do not protect components, and browser history is unrelated.
Which maintenance step most directly helps improve cooling and reduce overheating in a dusty desktop
A Rename user folder
B Clean fans and vents
C Change wallpaper theme
D Increase speaker volume
Dust blocks airflow and makes fans less effective, raising temperatures. Cleaning vents and fans restores airflow and cooling. Renaming folders, wallpapers, and volume settings have no effect on temperature.
Which term describes the physical size and layout standard of a motherboard
A Form factor
B Print spool
C Bit rate
D File format
Motherboard form factor (like ATX, microATX) defines dimensions, mounting holes, and layout. It affects cabinet compatibility and expansion slots. The other terms relate to printing, data speed, or files.
In a desktop cabinet, what is the main role of expansion slots on the motherboard
A Store BIOS settings
B Increase screen size
C Add extra cards
D Convert AC to DC
Expansion slots allow adding cards like graphics, sound, or network adapters. BIOS settings are stored in firmware/CMOS, screen size depends on monitor, and AC to DC conversion is done by SMPS.
Which statement best differentiates LCD and LED monitors in common usage
A LCD uses ink printing
B LED is CRT type
C LCD needs no power
D LED is LCD backlight
Most “LED monitors” are LCD panels that use LED backlighting instead of older CCFL lights. They are usually thinner and efficient. They are not CRTs, and every monitor needs power.
Which printer type generally uses toner powder and is popular for fast office text printing
A Inkjet printer
B Laser printer
C Dot matrix
D Thermal printer
Laser printers use toner and a drum to produce sharp text quickly, making them good for offices. Inkjet uses liquid ink, dot matrix uses pins and ribbons, and thermal uses heat-sensitive paper.
Which storage method combines multiple drives to improve speed or provide fault tolerance
A BIOS password
B VGA splitter
C RAID setup
D Screen refresh
RAID uses multiple drives together for performance, redundancy, or both depending on level. It is commonly used in servers and some desktops. It is not related to display splitting or screen refresh.
Which device is best described as a storage box connected on a network for shared files at home or office
A NAS storage
B Monitor stand
C CPU cooler
D VGA converter
NAS provides shared storage over a network, allowing multiple users to access files. It often supports backups and permissions. A monitor stand and cooler are physical accessories, not network storage.
If a computer randomly shuts down under heavy load and feels very hot, what is a likely hardware cause
A Wrong wallpaper
B Low speaker sound
C Overheating issue
D Extra desktop icons
Excess heat can trigger safety shutdowns to protect CPU or GPU. Common causes include dust, failed fan, dried thermal paste, or blocked airflow. Visual settings and icons do not cause shutdowns.
When connecting an Android phone to a PC for USB file transfer, which mode is commonly used
A OTG mode
B MTP mode
C BIOS mode
D RAID mode
MTP (Media Transfer Protocol) is commonly used for transferring files between a phone and a computer over USB. OTG is meant for connecting USB devices to the phone as host.