Metallurgy is the process of
A studying metals
B extracting metals from ores
C purifying non-metals
D alloy preparation only
Metallurgy involves extraction, purification and processing of metals.
Ores are
A pure metals
B naturally occurring minerals
C minerals from which metals can be economically extracted
D rocks containing only metals
All ores are minerals, but not all minerals are ores.
Which of the following is an ore of aluminium
A hematite
B bauxite
C zinc blende
D calamine
Bauxite is the principal ore of aluminium.
The process of removing gangue from ore is called
A roasting
B calcination
C concentration
D smelting
Also called ore dressing.
Froth flotation method is used for concentration of
A oxide ores
B carbonate ores
C sulphide ores
D halide ores
Sulphide particles attach to froth.
Which substance is used as collector in froth flotation
A water
B pine oil
C lime
D silica
Collector makes ore particles hydrophobic.
Calcination involves heating of ore
A in presence of excess air
B in absence or limited supply of air
C with carbon
D with flux
Used for carbonate ores.
Roasting involves heating of ore
A in absence of air
B in presence of air
C under pressure
D in vacuum
Used mainly for sulphide ores.
Flux is added during smelting to
A increase temperature
B remove gangue
C oxidise metal
D reduce ore
Flux reacts with gangue to form slag.
Slag is
A pure metal
B ore residue
C molten metal
D fusible product of flux and gangue
Slag separates easily from metal.
Which flux is used to remove acidic gangue
A silica
B limestone
C alumina
D sand
Basic flux removes acidic impurities.
Which flux removes basic gangue
A limestone
B magnesia
C silica
D calcium oxide
Acidic flux reacts with basic gangue.
Smelting is the process of
A ore concentration
B reduction of ore
C oxidation of ore
D refining of metal
Metal is obtained in molten state.
Which metal is extracted by electrolysis of molten ore
A iron
B copper
C aluminium
D zinc
Aluminium extraction uses Hall–Héroult process.
Cryolite is added in aluminium extraction to
A act as flux
B reduce melting point
C oxidise impurities
D act as catalyst only
Makes electrolysis economical.
Which metal is extracted by carbon reduction
A sodium
B magnesium
C iron
D potassium
Blast furnace reduction.
Which metal is extracted by self-reduction
A copper
B aluminium
C iron
D sodium
Cu₂S partially reduces Cu₂O.
Refining is the process of
A ore crushing
B removing gangue
C increasing metal purity
D oxidation of metal
Impurities are removed from crude metal.
Electrolytic refining is commonly used for
A sodium
B copper
C iron
D aluminium
Produces high purity copper.
In electrolytic refining, impure metal acts as
A cathode
B electrolyte
C anode
D salt bridge
Pure metal deposits on cathode.
Which impurity settles as anode mud
A zinc
B iron
C silver
D aluminium
Precious metals settle at bottom.
Zone refining is based on
A density difference
B melting point difference
C solubility difference
D vapour pressure difference
Impurities concentrate in molten zone.
Zone refining is used for purification of
A iron
B aluminium
C silicon
D copper
Used in semiconductor industry.
Which metal is refined by Mond’s process
A iron
B nickel
C copper
D zinc
Uses volatile Ni(CO)₄.
Which metal is refined by van Arkel method
A copper
B iron
C titanium
D aluminium
Also used for zirconium.
Analytical chemistry deals with
A preparation of compounds
B extraction of metals
C identification and estimation of substances
D nuclear reactions
Qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Qualitative analysis deals with
A amount of substance
B purity of metal
C identification of ions
D extraction methods
Detects presence of constituents.
Quantitative analysis deals with
A identification
B separation
C estimation of amount
D purification
Measures concentration or mass.
Which method is used in volumetric analysis
A gravimetry
B titration
C distillation
D chromatography
Volume of solution is measured.
Indicator is used in titration to
A increase reaction rate
B show colour
C detect end point
D stabilise solution
Colour change indicates completion.
Phenolphthalein is an indicator used in
A acid–acid titration
B base–base titration
C acid–base titration
D redox titration
Colourless in acid, pink in base.
Methyl orange changes colour from
A red to yellow
B yellow to red
C blue to red
D colourless to pink
Acidic to basic medium.
Which analysis is based on mass measurement
A volumetric
B gravimetric
C titrimetric
D spectroscopic
Substance is weighed.
Primary standard solution should be
A unstable
B hygroscopic
C pure and stable
D coloured
Gives accurate concentration.
Which is a primary standard
A NaOH
B HCl
C Na₂CO₃
D KMnO₄
Pure and stable.
KMnO₄ is used in which titration
A acid–base
B precipitation
C redox
D complexometric
Acts as oxidising agent.
In permanganate titration, KMnO₄ acts as
A indicator
B catalyst
C solvent
D buffer
Self-indicating titration.
Which reagent is used to detect chloride ions
A BaCl₂
B AgNO₃
C NaOH
D H₂SO₄
Forms white AgCl precipitate.
Sulphate ions are detected using
A AgNO₃
B NaOH
C BaCl₂
D HCl
Forms white BaSO₄ precipitate.
Which ion gives blue colour in flame test
A Na⁺
B K⁺
C Cu²⁺
D Ca²⁺
Characteristic flame colour.
Sodium gives which flame colour
A blue
B red
C yellow
D green
Very intense yellow flame.
Which metal ion gives brick red flame
A Na⁺
B Ca²⁺
C K⁺
D Ba²⁺
Calcium salts show brick-red colour.
Which technique separates components based on adsorption
A distillation
B chromatography
C titration
D filtration
Used for separation and identification.
Paper chromatography uses which phase as stationary phase
A water
B cellulose
C silica gel
D alumina
Paper fibres act as stationary phase.
Rf value in chromatography is
A distance moved by solvent
B distance moved by solute
C ratio of solute distance to solvent distance
D ratio of solvent distance to solute distance
Characteristic for a substance.
Which analytical method uses light absorption
A titration
B gravimetry
C spectroscopy
D filtration
Measures absorbance/emission of light.
Atomic absorption spectroscopy is used for
A molecular analysis
B metal ion estimation
C organic compound separation
D gas analysis
Sensitive technique.
Which analytical method determines pH
A chromatography
B pH meter
C spectrometer
D calorimeter
Measures hydrogen ion concentration.
Which solution is used to standardise NaOH
A HCl
B H₂SO₄
C Na₂CO₃
D KMnO₄
Primary standard.
Correct statement is
A All metals are extracted by electrolysis
B Froth flotation is used for oxide ores
C Electrolytic refining gives high purity metal
D Qualitative analysis gives amount of substance
Produces very pure metal.