Nuclear chemistry deals with
A electron transfer reactions
B chemical bonding
C reactions involving atomic nucleus
D molecular rearrangements
Nuclear chemistry studies changes in the nucleus, not electrons.
Radioactivity is the phenomenon of
A loss of electrons
B spontaneous emission of radiations
C chemical decomposition
D ionisation of atoms
Unstable nuclei emit α, β, or γ rays.
Which scientist discovered radioactivity
A Rutherford
B Marie Curie
C Becquerel
D Bohr
Discovered natural radioactivity in uranium salts.
Which radiation has maximum penetrating power
A alpha
B beta
C gamma
D neutron
Gamma rays are highly penetrating electromagnetic waves.
Which radiation has maximum ionising power
A alpha
B beta
C gamma
D X-rays
Alpha particles are heavy and cause intense ionisation.
Alpha particles are
A electrons
B protons
C helium nuclei
D photons
α-particles contain 2 protons and 2 neutrons.
Beta particles are
A protons
B neutrons
C electrons
D photons
β⁻ radiation consists of high-speed electrons.
Gamma rays are
A charged particles
B neutrons
C electromagnetic waves
D helium nuclei
They have no mass or charge.
Half-life of a radioactive substance is
A time for complete decay
B time for half the nuclei to decay
C average life of nucleus
D time for one nucleus to decay
It is characteristic of a radioactive element.
SI unit of radioactivity is
A curie
B roentgen
C becquerel
D gray
1 Bq = 1 disintegration per second.
Which radioactive isotope is used in cancer treatment
A C-14
B Co-60
C I-131
D U-235
Emits gamma rays used in radiotherapy.
Carbon-14 is used for
A power generation
B cancer treatment
C age determination
D sterilisation
Used in radiocarbon dating.
Nuclear fission involves
A fusion of light nuclei
B splitting of heavy nucleus
C electron emission
D neutron capture only
Example: fission of U-235.
Nuclear fusion occurs in
A nuclear reactors
B atomic bombs
C the Sun
D radioactive decay
Light nuclei fuse to form heavier nuclei.
Which isotope is used as nuclear fuel
A U-238
B U-235
C Th-232
D Pu-240
Easily undergoes fission.
Moderator in nuclear reactor is used to
A absorb neutrons
B slow down neutrons
C increase temperature
D stop reaction
Increases probability of fission.
Which substance is used as moderator
A cadmium
B boron
C graphite
D uranium
Slows down fast neutrons.
Control rods in nuclear reactor are made of
A graphite
B uranium
C boron or cadmium
D lead
Absorb excess neutrons.
Nuclear chain reaction is
A uncontrolled reaction
B reaction involving electrons
C self-sustaining fission reaction
D fusion process
Neutrons released cause further fissions.
Atomic bomb works on the principle of
A nuclear fusion
B nuclear fission
C radioactive decay
D chemical explosion
Uncontrolled chain reaction.
Bioinorganic chemistry studies
A organic reactions in living cells
B role of metal ions in biology
C enzymes only
D polymers in living systems
Focuses on metals in biological systems.
Which metal ion is present in haemoglobin
A Cu²⁺
B Fe²⁺
C Mg²⁺
D Zn²⁺
Iron binds oxygen in haemoglobin.
Chlorophyll contains which metal
A iron
B copper
C magnesium
D calcium
Central metal ion in chlorophyll.
Vitamin B₁₂ contains which metal
A iron
B cobalt
C zinc
D nickel
Only vitamin containing metal.
Which metal ion is essential for oxygen transport in blood
A copper
B iron
C calcium
D sodium
Present in haemoglobin.
Which metal ion activates many enzymes
A sodium
B potassium
C magnesium
D lead
Acts as enzyme cofactor.
Zinc is present in which enzyme
A catalase
B carbonic anhydrase
C urease
D pepsin
Zn²⁺ is essential for its activity.
Copper-containing protein responsible for oxygen transport in some animals
A haemoglobin
B myoglobin
C hemocyanin
D cytochrome
Found in molluscs and arthropods.
Iron deficiency causes
A scurvy
B rickets
C anaemia
D goitre
Reduced haemoglobin formation.
Which metal ion is toxic and interferes with enzyme action
A sodium
B potassium
C mercury
D magnesium
Heavy metals inhibit enzymes.
Calcium is essential for
A oxygen transport
B blood clotting
C enzyme inhibition
D nerve poisoning
Ca²⁺ plays key role in coagulation.
Sodium and potassium ions are important for
A bone formation
B nerve impulse transmission
C oxygen transport
D photosynthesis
Maintain membrane potential.
Which metal is present in cytochromes
A copper
B iron
C magnesium
D zinc
Involved in electron transport chain.
Which metal ion is required for insulin storage
A Fe²⁺
B Cu²⁺
C Zn²⁺
D Mg²⁺
Stabilises insulin hexamer.
Toxicity of heavy metals is due to
A high solubility
B enzyme activation
C binding to –SH groups
D oxidation reactions
Inactivates enzymes.
Which metal ion is part of nitrogenase enzyme
A iron
B copper
C magnesium
D calcium
Nitrogen fixation enzyme.
Which metal is essential for bone and teeth formation
A sodium
B magnesium
C calcium
D iron
Forms calcium phosphate.
Which metal ion deficiency causes muscle cramps
A sodium
B magnesium
C iron
D copper
Involved in muscle function.
Which metal ion is present in superoxide dismutase
A zinc and copper
B iron only
C magnesium
D sodium
Protects cells from oxidative damage.
Which metal is present in ferredoxin
A copper
B iron
C magnesium
D zinc
Iron–sulphur protein.
Which metal ion helps in photosynthetic electron transport
A sodium
B potassium
C magnesium
D iron
Part of cytochromes.
Which metal is responsible for blue colour of hemocyanin
A iron
B cobalt
C copper
D zinc
Cu²⁺ gives blue colour when oxygenated.
Lead poisoning affects mainly
A liver
B kidneys
C nervous system
D heart
Interferes with neurotransmission.
Which metal ion is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis
A sodium
B iodine
C calcium
D iron
Required for thyroxine.
Which metal deficiency leads to delayed wound healing
A iron
B zinc
C copper
D magnesium
Important for immune function.
Which metal ion is involved in ATP stabilisation
A sodium
B potassium
C magnesium
D calcium
Forms Mg–ATP complex.
Which metal is essential micronutrient but toxic in excess
A sodium
B potassium
C copper
D calcium
Required in small amounts.
Which metal ion is involved in enzyme urease
A iron
B nickel
C zinc
D cobalt
Nickel-dependent enzyme.
Which metal is part of vitamin B₁₂
A iron
B cobalt
C zinc
D magnesium
Corrin ring contains cobalt.
Correct statement is
A Nuclear reactions depend on chemical conditions
B Heavy metals have no biological role
C Metal ions play crucial roles in biological systems
D Gamma rays have charge
Basis of bioinorganic chemistry.