Chapter 10: Disaster Management and Modern Geography (Part-3)
Which disaster is characterized by sudden and violent shaking of the ground caused by tectonic movements beneath the earth’s surface?
A Earthquake
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Drought
Earthquakes result from sudden release of energy along faults, producing seismic waves that can damage buildings, infrastructure, and pose significant risks to human life.
Which man-made disaster is primarily caused by accidental chemical spills, industrial explosions, or nuclear leaks?
A Industrial accident
B Earthquake
C Avalanche
D Cyclone
Industrial accidents release toxic substances into the environment, impacting human health, ecosystems, and requiring coordinated mitigation and emergency response.
Which disaster management phase emphasizes preparation, risk assessment, and early warning dissemination before a disaster occurs?
A Pre-disaster
B During disaster
C Post-disaster
D Recovery
Pre-disaster activities focus on hazard identification, awareness campaigns, drills, and early warning systems to reduce vulnerability and enhance preparedness.
Which natural hazard can be intensified by deforestation, soil erosion, and heavy rainfall in hilly regions?
A Landslide
B Cyclone
C Drought
D Earthquake
Deforestation destabilizes slopes, heavy rainfall saturates soil, and together they trigger landslides that threaten human settlements and infrastructure.
Which technology provides spatial information and mapping capabilities for disaster risk assessment and mitigation planning?
A GIS
B Remote sensing
C GPS
D Paper maps
Geographic Information Systems integrate spatial data from multiple sources to analyze hazard-prone areas and support effective planning, evacuation, and response strategies.
Which disaster management authority is responsible for implementing state-specific disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies in India?
A SDMA
B NDMA
C NIDM
D WHO
State Disaster Management Authorities formulate and implement state-level disaster plans tailored to regional risks, ensuring effective preparedness and response.
Which technology allows real-time tracking of affected populations, relief teams, and resources during emergencies?
A GPS
B GIS
C Remote sensing
D Paper maps
GPS enables precise location tracking, coordination of rescue operations, and efficient distribution of relief supplies during disasters.
Which disaster is primarily caused by prolonged lack of precipitation, high temperatures, and poor water management?
A Drought
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Droughts result from deficient rainfall and mismanaged water resources, leading to agricultural failure, water scarcity, and socio-economic stress.
Which disaster management phase focuses on life-saving measures, evacuation, and emergency relief during the event?
A During disaster
B Pre-disaster
C Post-disaster
D Mitigation
The response phase prioritizes immediate actions such as search and rescue, medical aid, and relief distribution to reduce casualties and losses.
Which disaster management strategy reduces hazard intensity or exposure to risks before the event occurs?
A Mitigation
B Recovery
C Response
D Rehabilitation
Mitigation includes structural and non-structural measures like hazard zoning, building codes, and early warning systems to minimize disaster impact.
Which natural disaster involves rapid accumulation and movement of snow, ice, and debris down mountain slopes?
A Avalanche
B Landslide
C Flood
D Cyclone
Avalanches occur when unstable snow or ice collapses, moving swiftly down slopes and causing damage to settlements, infrastructure, and human life.
Which modern technology enables monitoring of forest fires, floods, and environmental changes from space?
A Remote sensing
B GIS
C GPS
D Manual surveying
Satellites capture imagery for hazard detection, environmental monitoring, and early warning, allowing authorities to plan disaster mitigation and response efficiently.
Which disaster is triggered by undersea earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides beneath the ocean floor?
A Tsunami
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Tsunamis are generated by sudden displacement of water due to seismic or volcanic activity, producing waves that inundate coastal regions.
Which preventive measure is most effective in reducing cyclone-related damage in coastal regions?
A Cyclone shelters, afforestation, and early warning systems
B Ignoring forecasts
C Post-disaster relief only
D Random road construction
Shelters protect populations, afforestation reduces wind and water impact, and warnings allow timely evacuation, minimizing casualties and property loss.
Which disaster management authority is responsible for policy formulation, coordination, and national-level disaster preparedness in India?
A NDMA
B SDMA
C NIDM
D WHO
NDMA develops national disaster management policies, plans, and guidelines, ensuring effective coordination across ministries, agencies, and states during disasters.
Which disaster is influenced by rising sea levels, high tides, and intensified storms along coastal regions?
A Coastal flooding
B Earthquake
C Landslide
D Avalanche
Sea-level rise and storm surges increase the frequency and severity of flooding in coastal areas, threatening settlements, infrastructure, and livelihoods.
Which disaster management phase involves evaluating the effectiveness of response, identifying gaps, and improving future planning?
A Post-disaster
B Pre-disaster
C During disaster
D Mitigation
Post-disaster evaluation assesses lessons learned, recovery outcomes, and improves preparedness, mitigation, and response strategies for future events.
Which strategy helps reduce flood vulnerability in urban areas effectively?
A Stormwater drainage systems, wetland conservation, and zoning regulations
B Ignoring floodplain regulations
C Building over wetlands
D Random road construction
Proper drainage, wetland preservation, and regulated urban planning minimize waterlogging, property damage, and flood risks in cities.
Which community initiative strengthens local resilience to disasters?
A Forming local disaster management committees and conducting mock drills
B Relying solely on national authorities
C Importing foreign relief teams exclusively
D Organizing entertainment programs
Local participation in planning, training, and drills ensures preparedness, quick response, and efficient resource use during emergencies.
Which technology integrates multiple datasets to create hazard maps and support disaster response planning?
A GIS
B Remote sensing
C GPS
D Paper maps
GIS overlays spatial, demographic, and environmental data to assess risks, plan evacuation routes, and prioritize disaster management interventions.
Which disaster is triggered by sudden tectonic movement along fault lines beneath the earth’s surface?
A Earthquake
B Cyclone
C Drought
D Flood
Tectonic activity releases seismic energy causing ground shaking, building damage, and loss of life in affected areas.
Which disaster is caused by prolonged rainfall or overflowing rivers, leading to water inundation?
A Flood
B Drought
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Excess water accumulation due to heavy rains, snowmelt, or river overflow causes floods, impacting human settlements and infrastructure.
Which disaster management phase includes hazard identification, resource allocation, and training before a disaster?
A Pre-disaster
B During disaster
C Post-disaster
D Recovery
Pre-disaster activities enhance preparedness through risk assessment, early warning systems, and capacity building, minimizing disaster impact.
Which disaster is influenced by deforestation, soil erosion, and unstable mountain slopes during heavy rainfall?
A Landslide
B Earthquake
C Tsunami
D Cyclone
Deforestation destabilizes slopes; heavy rains saturate soil, triggering landslides that endanger human lives and infrastructure.
Which phase of disaster management focuses on search, rescue, medical aid, and relief distribution?
A During disaster
B Pre-disaster
C Post-disaster
D Mitigation
The response phase prioritizes immediate actions to save lives, provide medical assistance, and supply emergency relief during disasters.
Which disaster results from rapid movement of snow and ice down a mountain slope?
A Avalanche
B Landslide
C Flood
D Cyclone
Avalanches are rapid snow and ice flows that can destroy infrastructure, endanger life, and disrupt transportation in mountainous regions.
Which modern technology allows real-time tracking and monitoring of disasters like floods, wildfires, and cyclones?
A Remote sensing
B GIS
C GPS
D Paper maps
Satellites provide timely information about hazards, enabling early warnings and informed disaster mitigation and management strategies.
Which technology is essential for accurately locating disaster-affected populations and coordinating relief efforts?
A GPS
B GIS
C Remote sensing
D Paper maps
GPS provides precise coordinates for relief teams and affected areas, facilitating efficient resource allocation and rescue operations.
Which disaster management authority develops national-level policies, plans, and guidelines for disaster preparedness in India?
A NDMA
B SDMA
C NIDM
D WHO
NDMA formulates national policies, guidelines, and frameworks to coordinate disaster preparedness, mitigation, and response across the country.
Which disaster is primarily associated with sea-level rise, storm surges, and intensified coastal storms?
A Coastal flooding
B Earthquake
C Landslide
D Avalanche
Rising sea levels and storms increase the frequency and severity of flooding in coastal regions, threatening settlements and infrastructure.
Which disaster mitigation measure reduces landslide risks in mountainous regions?
A Slope stabilization, afforestation, and proper drainage
B Deforestation and soil excavation
C Building roads without support
D Ignoring rainfall patterns
Combining engineering and vegetation measures stabilizes slopes, reduces erosion, and protects communities from landslide hazards.
Which disaster management phase includes rehabilitation, reconstruction, and restoring livelihoods after a disaster?
A Post-disaster
B Pre-disaster
C During disaster
D Mitigation
Recovery focuses on rebuilding infrastructure, restoring services, and supporting socio-economic recovery to improve community resilience.
Which disaster management strategy reduces hazard intensity and exposure before the event occurs?
A Mitigation
B Response
C Post-disaster recovery
D Rehabilitation
Mitigation strategies include hazard zoning, building codes, early warnings, and structural and non-structural measures to minimize disaster impacts.
Which disaster occurs due to prolonged absence of rainfall, high temperatures, and poor water management?
A Drought
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Droughts result from deficient precipitation and unsustainable water use, leading to crop failure, water scarcity, and socio-economic stress.
Which modern technology is essential for mapping flood-prone areas and planning evacuation routes?
A GIS
B Remote sensing
C GPS
D Paper maps
GIS integrates spatial data to identify vulnerable zones, visualize hazards, and plan evacuation and mitigation strategies effectively.
Which disaster management authority focuses on research, training, and capacity building at the national level?
A NIDM
B NDMA
C SDMA
D WHO
NIDM conducts research, develops training programs, and builds capacities to enhance disaster preparedness and response across India.
Which disaster management phase involves timely warning, evacuation, and resource mobilization during the event?
A During disaster
B Pre-disaster
C Post-disaster
D Mitigation
The response phase ensures life-saving measures, coordination of relief, and minimization of damage during disaster occurrence.
Which disaster is triggered by sudden undersea earthquakes and can inundate coastal regions with massive waves?
A Tsunami
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Undersea seismic activity displaces water, generating tsunamis that inundate coastlines, necessitating rapid evacuation and disaster response.
Which disaster management measure focuses on educating communities, conducting drills, and preparing for emergencies before hazards occur?
A Pre-disaster
B During disaster
C Post-disaster
D Recovery
Pre-disaster preparedness improves awareness, readiness, and resilience, enabling communities to act effectively during emergencies.
Which modern technology helps monitor volcanic activity, thermal anomalies, and gas emissions to predict eruptions?
A Remote sensing
B GIS
C GPS
D Manual surveys
Satellite-based monitoring detects volcanic activity indicators, supporting early warnings and risk reduction strategies.
Which disaster results from heavy rainfall, deforestation, and unstable slopes in hilly areas?
A Landslide
B Earthquake
C Cyclone
D Drought
Rainfall saturates soil on deforested slopes, reducing cohesion and causing landslides that threaten life and property.
Which disaster management phase includes restoring essential services, rebuilding infrastructure, and supporting livelihoods after a disaster?
A Post-disaster
B Pre-disaster
C During disaster
D Mitigation
Post-disaster recovery ensures reconstruction, restoration of utilities, and socio-economic rehabilitation for affected communities.
Which disaster mitigation measure is most effective for urban flood prevention?
A Stormwater drainage, wetland preservation, and zoning regulations
B Ignoring floodplains
C Deforestation along rivers
D Random road construction
Integrated urban planning, drainage systems, and wetland conservation reduce flood risks and property damage in cities.
Which disaster is primarily caused by tectonic movements, resulting in shaking of the earth’s surface?
A Earthquake
B Cyclone
C Flood
D Drought
Sudden tectonic shifts release seismic energy, causing ground shaking and structural damage, posing risks to life and property.
Which disaster is caused by excessive water accumulation due to heavy rainfall or river overflow?
A Flood
B Drought
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Floods inundate land, damaging infrastructure, displacing populations, and causing economic and environmental losses.
Which technology is essential for accurate disaster mapping and spatial analysis of hazard-prone regions?
A GIS
B GPS
C Remote sensing
D Paper maps
GIS integrates spatial and temporal data to visualize risks, plan mitigation, and coordinate emergency response effectively.
Which disaster management authority formulates national policies and ensures coordination of disaster preparedness in India?
A NDMA
B SDMA
C NIDM
D WHO
NDMA develops national guidelines and coordinates disaster preparedness, mitigation, and response at all governmental levels.
Which disaster management approach emphasizes local participation, awareness, and ownership in preparedness and response?
A Community-based disaster management
B Centralized control
C Ad hoc relief
D Exclusive international aid
Engaging communities improves resilience, facilitates timely action, and optimizes local resources during emergencies.
Which disaster is associated with sudden snow, ice, and rock movement on mountain slopes?
A Avalanche
B Landslide
C Flood
D Cyclone
Avalanches occur when unstable snow or ice descends slopes rapidly, causing damage to property, transportation, and human life.
Which disaster mitigation strategy reduces the risk of landslides in mountainous settlements?
A Afforestation, slope terracing, and drainage management
B Deforestation and excavation
C Ignoring rainfall patterns
D Random road construction
Vegetation and engineered slope stabilization reduce soil erosion and prevent landslides, protecting communities and infrastructure