Chapter 10: Disaster Management and Modern Geography (Part-4)
Which disaster is caused by sudden, rapid movement of rocks, soil, and debris down slopes due to gravity and heavy rainfall?
A Landslide
B Earthquake
C Flood
D Cyclone
Landslides occur when soil and rock lose stability, often due to rainfall, deforestation, or earthquakes, causing destruction of property and loss of life.
Which disaster management phase includes evaluating past responses, documenting lessons learned, and improving future disaster preparedness?
A Post-disaster
B Pre-disaster
C During disaster
D Mitigation
Post-disaster evaluation helps identify gaps, refine strategies, and strengthen mitigation, response, and recovery mechanisms for future hazards.
Which natural hazard occurs due to undersea earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides under the ocean floor?
A Tsunami
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Tsunamis are generated by sudden water displacement, producing massive waves that inundate coastal areas, necessitating rapid evacuation and disaster response.
Which technology allows continuous monitoring of weather patterns, floods, and wildfires from satellites?
A Remote sensing
B GIS
C GPS
D Manual surveying
Remote sensing provides real-time data for hazard detection, early warning, and disaster mitigation planning at local, regional, and national levels.
Which disaster management authority at the state level formulates regional disaster plans and implements preparedness strategies?
A SDMA
B NDMA
C NIDM
D WHO
State Disaster Management Authorities develop and execute state-specific disaster plans tailored to local hazards and vulnerabilities.
Which disaster is primarily caused by prolonged rainfall deficiency and mismanagement of water resources?
A Drought
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Droughts occur due to insufficient rainfall and unsustainable water use, leading to crop failure, water scarcity, and socio-economic challenges.
Which disaster management phase prioritizes immediate life-saving measures, evacuation, and emergency relief during a disaster?
A During disaster
B Pre-disaster
C Post-disaster
D Mitigation
The response phase focuses on search and rescue, medical aid, and distribution of emergency supplies to reduce casualties and losses.
Which disaster management strategy aims to reduce hazard intensity or vulnerability before a disaster occurs?
A Mitigation
B Response
C Recovery
D Rehabilitation
Mitigation involves structural and non-structural measures like hazard zoning, resilient construction, and early warning systems to minimize disaster impact.
Which disaster results from rapid accumulation and movement of snow and ice down mountain slopes?
A Avalanche
B Landslide
C Flood
D Cyclone
Avalanches occur when unstable snow collapses down slopes, causing destruction to life, property, and transport infrastructure in mountainous regions.
Which technology provides real-time monitoring and tracking of disasters like floods, cyclones, and wildfires?
A Remote sensing
B GIS
C GPS
D Paper maps
Satellites detect and monitor hazards, supporting early warnings and informed disaster management planning and mitigation measures.
Which technology ensures precise location tracking of relief teams and affected populations during disaster operations?
A GPS
B GIS
C Remote sensing
D Paper maps
GPS provides accurate coordinates, facilitating timely rescue operations, resource distribution, and coordination of emergency services.
Which disaster management authority develops national policies and guidelines for disaster preparedness in India?
A NDMA
B SDMA
C NIDM
D WHO
NDMA formulates policies, plans, and coordination frameworks to ensure national-level disaster preparedness and effective response.
Which disaster is primarily associated with coastal storm surges, rising sea levels, and high tides?
A Coastal flooding
B Earthquake
C Landslide
D Avalanche
Rising seas and intensified storms increase the frequency and severity of coastal flooding, threatening settlements, infrastructure, and livelihoods.
Which disaster mitigation measure reduces landslide risks in mountainous settlements?
A Afforestation, slope terracing, and drainage management
B Deforestation and excavation
C Ignoring rainfall patterns
D Random road construction
Vegetation and engineered slope stabilization reduce soil erosion, prevent landslides, and protect human life and infrastructure.
Which disaster management phase involves rebuilding infrastructure, restoring services, and rehabilitating affected populations?
A Post-disaster
B Pre-disaster
C During disaster
D Mitigation
Recovery and rehabilitation ensure reconstruction, restoration of utilities, and socio-economic support for affected communities.
Which disaster management strategy focuses on structural and non-structural measures to minimize hazard impact?
A Mitigation
B Response
C Recovery
D Rehabilitation
Mitigation includes hazard zoning, building codes, and early warning systems to reduce vulnerability and limit disaster losses.
Which natural disaster occurs due to prolonged absence of rainfall and high temperatures?
A Drought
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Droughts arise from deficient rainfall and poor water management, affecting agriculture, water supply, and human livelihoods.
Which technology is essential for mapping flood-prone areas and planning evacuation routes?
A GIS
B Remote sensing
C GPS
D Paper maps
GIS integrates spatial and hazard data to identify vulnerable zones, support evacuation planning, and optimize disaster response strategies.
Which disaster management authority focuses on research, training, and capacity building at the national level?
A NIDM
B NDMA
C SDMA
D WHO
NIDM conducts research, provides training, and develops programs to enhance disaster preparedness, mitigation, and response across India.
Which disaster management phase ensures early warning, evacuation, and coordination during hazard events?
A During disaster
B Pre-disaster
C Post-disaster
D Mitigation
The response phase involves immediate actions to save lives, deliver medical aid, and distribute emergency resources.
Which disaster is generated by sudden undersea earthquakes, producing massive waves that inundate coastal areas?
A Tsunami
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Seismic or volcanic activity displaces water, generating tsunamis that threaten coastal populations and require urgent evacuation.
Which disaster management measure emphasizes community awareness, drills, and preparedness before hazards occur?
A Pre-disaster
B During disaster
C Post-disaster
D Recovery
Pre-disaster preparedness ensures communities understand risks, follow safety protocols, and can respond effectively during emergencies.
Which modern technology monitors volcanic activity, thermal anomalies, and gas emissions to predict eruptions?
A Remote sensing
B GIS
C GPS
D Manual surveys
Satellites detect volcanic changes, enabling early warning and reducing risk to nearby populations and infrastructure.
Which disaster occurs due to heavy rainfall, deforestation, and unstable mountain slopes?
A Landslide
B Earthquake
C Cyclone
D Drought
Rain-saturated soil on deforested slopes loses stability, triggering landslides that can destroy property and endanger lives.
Which disaster management phase restores essential services, infrastructure, and livelihoods after a disaster?
A Post-disaster
B Pre-disaster
C During disaster
D Mitigation
Recovery and rehabilitation ensure reconstruction of infrastructure, restoration of utilities, and socio-economic support for affected communities.
Which mitigation strategy reduces urban flood risk effectively?
A Drainage systems, wetland conservation, and zoning regulations
B Ignoring floodplains
C Building on wetlands
D Random construction
Proper urban planning, efficient drainage, and wetland preservation minimize flood impacts and protect life and property.
Which disaster is triggered by tectonic activity, causing ground shaking and structural damage?
A Earthquake
B Cyclone
C Flood
D Drought
Sudden release of energy along faults produces seismic waves, causing infrastructure damage and endangering human life.
Which disaster occurs due to excessive water accumulation from heavy rainfall or river overflow?
A Flood
B Drought
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Floods inundate land, damage property, displace populations, and disrupt economic and social activities.
Which technology is essential for accurate disaster mapping and spatial analysis?
A GIS
B GPS
C Remote sensing
D Paper maps
GIS integrates spatial, demographic, and hazard data to assess risks, plan interventions, and coordinate disaster response efficiently.
Which authority develops national policies and ensures coordination of disaster preparedness in India?
A NDMA
B SDMA
C NIDM
D WHO
NDMA formulates national guidelines, coordinates ministries and states, and oversees disaster preparedness, mitigation, and response.
Which disaster management approach emphasizes local participation and ownership in preparedness and response?
A Community-based disaster management
B Centralized control
C Ad hoc relief
D Exclusive international aid
Engaging local communities improves resilience, ensures timely response, and optimizes local resource use during emergencies.
Which disaster involves rapid movement of snow, ice, and rocks down mountain slopes?
A Avalanche
B Landslide
C Flood
D Cyclone
Avalanches result from unstable snow or ice collapsing down slopes, causing destruction of property, transportation, and life.
Which technology helps monitor wildfires and detect heat signatures in forested areas?
A Remote sensing
B GIS
C GPS
D Manual patrolling
Satellite imagery identifies wildfire hotspots, enabling early intervention and effective firefighting to protect lives and ecosystems.
Which technology ensures precise navigation and coordination of disaster relief operations?
A GPS
B GIS
C Remote sensing
D Paper maps
GPS provides real-time positioning of relief teams, affected populations, and resources, enhancing coordination and efficiency during disasters.
Which disaster is caused by sudden tectonic movement along fault lines beneath the earth’s surface?
A Earthquake
B Cyclone
C Drought
D Flood
Seismic activity releases energy as ground shaking, damaging structures and posing threats to human life.
Which disaster is generated by prolonged rainfall deficiency and poor water management?
A Drought
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Droughts reduce water availability for agriculture and human use, causing socio-economic and environmental stress.
Which disaster management phase focuses on risk assessment, training, and early warning dissemination?
A Pre-disaster
B During disaster
C Post-disaster
D Recovery
Pre-disaster preparedness improves community awareness, readiness, and resilience to reduce disaster impact.
Which disaster occurs due to deforestation, heavy rainfall, and unstable mountain slopes?
A Landslide
B Earthquake
C Cyclone
D Drought
Saturated slopes without vegetation become unstable, causing landslides that threaten lives, property, and infrastructure.
Which disaster management phase restores services, rebuilds infrastructure, and supports livelihoods after a disaster?
A Post-disaster
B Pre-disaster
C During disaster
D Mitigation
Recovery ensures reconstruction, restoration of utilities, and socio-economic support for affected communities, strengthening resilience.
Which mitigation strategy reduces urban flood risk most effectively?
A Efficient drainage systems, wetland preservation, and zoning regulations
B Ignoring floodplains
C Building on wetlands
D Random construction
Proper urban planning minimizes waterlogging, reduces property damage, and ensures safety during floods.
Which disaster occurs due to sudden movement of snow, ice, or rocks down slopes?
A Avalanche
B Landslide
C Flood
D Cyclone
Avalanches are rapid snow or ice flows causing destruction in mountainous regions and endangering human life.
Which technology integrates multiple datasets for hazard mapping and disaster response planning?
A GIS
B Remote sensing
C GPS
D Paper maps
GIS overlays spatial and demographic data to identify hazards, plan evacuation, and coordinate disaster management effectively.
Which disaster management authority focuses on training, research, and capacity building at the national level?
A NIDM
B NDMA
C SDMA
D WHO
NIDM develops training programs, conducts research, and strengthens disaster preparedness and response capabilities nationwide.
Which disaster is caused by excessive rainfall or river overflow inundating land?
Which disaster is primarily associated with undersea earthquakes and produces large waves that impact coasts?
A Tsunami
B Flood
C Cyclone
D Earthquake
Sudden undersea seismic activity displaces water, generating waves that threaten coastal populations and infrastructure.
Which disaster management phase emphasizes awareness campaigns, drills, and risk reduction before a hazard?
A Pre-disaster
B During disaster
C Post-disaster
D Recovery
Pre-disaster preparedness equips communities with knowledge and plans to respond effectively, reducing risk and losses.
Which disaster management authority develops policies, guidelines, and coordination frameworks at the national level?
A NDMA
B SDMA
C NIDM
D WHO
NDMA formulates guidelines, policies, and plans to strengthen disaster risk reduction, preparedness, and response nationwide.
Which disaster management approach emphasizes community participation, local knowledge, and ownership in planning and response?
A Community-based disaster management
B Centralized control
C Ad hoc relief
D Exclusive international aid
Involving communities enhances preparedness, facilitates rapid response, and ensures optimal utilization of local resources during disasters.
Industrial sustainability integrates social goals; which outcome reflects inclusive growth?
A Capital concentration
B Employment generation
C Resource depletion
D Profit maximisation
Inclusive growth ensures that industrial development creates employment opportunities and benefits a broad section of society.
The balanced development of resources, agriculture, and industries is essential; which conclusion best summarises this relationship?
A Sectoral isolation ensures growth
B Integrated and sustainable planning ensures long-term development
C Industrial dominance is sufficient
D Agricultural decline is inevitable
Coordinated and sustainable planning of resources, agriculture, and industries promotes economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity over the long term.