Which mode of transport is most flexible in terms of route selection?
A Railways
B Airways
C Waterways
D Roadways
Road transport allows vehicles to change routes easily and reach even remote locations.
Which continent has the largest desert in the world?
A Asia
B Africa
C Australia
D South America
Africa contains the Sahara Desert, the largest hot desert in the world.
Which ocean lies to the east of Africa?
A Atlantic Ocean
B Pacific Ocean
C Indian Ocean
D Arctic Ocean
The Indian Ocean borders the eastern coastline of Africa.
Which river flows through Brazil?
A Danube
B Volga
C Amazon
D Nile
The Amazon River flows largely through Brazil and drains into the Atlantic Ocean.
Which lake is also known as the largest freshwater lake by volume?
A Lake Victoria
B Lake Baikal
C Lake Tanganyika
D Lake Superior
Lake Baikal holds the largest volume of freshwater in the world.
Which desert is located in South America?
A Gobi
B Sahara
C Kalahari
D Atacama
The Atacama Desert lies along the western coast of South America.
Which climate region receives seasonal rainfall?
A Equatorial
B Monsoon
C Tundra
D Polar
Monsoon climate experiences distinct wet and dry seasons due to seasonal wind reversal.
Which natural vegetation is associated with monsoon climate?
A Coniferous forest
B Tundra vegetation
C Tropical deciduous forest
D Desert shrubs
Seasonal rainfall supports deciduous forests that shed leaves during dry periods.
Which biome is characterized by permafrost?
A Savanna
B Taiga
C Tundra
D Tropical rainforest
Tundra regions have permanently frozen subsoil called permafrost.
Which economic activity provides services such as banking and transport?
A Primary
B Secondary
C Tertiary
D Quaternary
Tertiary activities provide services that support production and daily life.
Which factor mainly influences population distribution in mountainous regions?
A Fertile soil
B Flat land
C Harsh terrain
D High rainfall
Steep slopes and difficult terrain limit settlement and agriculture.
Which region has the fastest population growth rate?
A Europe
B North America
C Africa
D Australia
Africa has high birth rates and improving healthcare, leading to rapid population growth.
Which population term refers to movement of people from one place to another?
A Migration
B Distribution
C Density
D Growth
Migration involves relocation of people for economic, social, or environmental reasons.
Which human group follows traditional customs and simple lifestyles?
A Urban population
B Industrial workers
C Tribal communities
D Migrant labourers
Tribal communities maintain traditional cultures and livelihoods.
Which language family includes Chinese?
A Indo-European
B Dravidian
C Sino-Tibetan
D Afro-Asiatic
Chinese languages belong to the Sino-Tibetan language family.
Which religion originated in Nepal?
A Hinduism
B Buddhism
C Sikhism
D Jainism
Buddhism originated in Nepal, where Gautama Buddha was born.
Which transport mode is best for carrying heavy machinery?
A Airways
B Roadways
C Railways
D Pipelines
Railways efficiently transport heavy and bulky goods over long distances.
Which continent is also called the “Land of Extremes”?
A Africa
B Europe
C Asia
D Australia
Asia has extreme variations in climate, relief, and population.
Which ocean is between North America and Europe?
A Pacific Ocean
B Indian Ocean
C Atlantic Ocean
D Arctic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean separates North America from Europe.
Which river is the longest in Europe?
A Danube
B Rhine
C Volga
D Seine
The Volga River is the longest river in Europe.
Which lake is shared by Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania?
A Lake Baikal
B Lake Tanganyika
C Lake Victoria
D Lake Chad
Lake Victoria lies in East Africa and is shared by three countries.
Which desert lies along the west coast of South America?
A Thar
B Gobi
C Atacama
D Sahara
The Atacama Desert lies along the Pacific coast of South America.
Which climate is extremely cold with very little precipitation?
A Equatorial
B Polar
C Monsoon
D Mediterranean
Polar climates have freezing temperatures and minimal precipitation.
Which vegetation is found in polar regions?
A Tropical rainforest
B Savanna
C Tundra vegetation
D Deciduous forest
Mosses and lichens grow in cold polar conditions.
Which biome is rich in biodiversity?
A Tundra
B Savanna
C Tropical rainforest
D Desert
Warm temperatures and heavy rainfall support diverse plant and animal life.
Which activity belongs to the quaternary sector?
A Farming
B Manufacturing
C Information technology
D Transport
The quaternary sector deals with knowledge-based services.
Which factor causes population decline in some regions?
A Immigration
B High birth rate
C Emigration
D Improved healthcare
Emigration reduces population when people move out of an area.
Which human race is mainly associated with Europe?
A Mongoloid
B Negroid
C Australoid
D Caucasoid
Caucasoid groups are traditionally associated with Europe and parts of West Asia.
Which language is most widely spoken by number of native speakers?
A English
B Spanish
C Mandarin Chinese
D Hindi
Mandarin Chinese has the highest number of native speakers worldwide.
Which religion originated in India and emphasizes non-violence?
A Hinduism
B Buddhism
C Jainism
D Sikhism
Jainism originated in India and stresses ahimsa, or non-violence.
Which transport mode is cheapest for bulky goods?
A Roadways
B Railways
C Airways
D Waterways
Water transport carries large quantities at low cost.
Which continent has no permanent rivers?
A Africa
B Australia
C Europe
D Antarctica
Rivers in Antarctica are temporary and flow only during summer melting.
Which ocean surrounds Antarctica?
A Atlantic
B Pacific
C Indian
D Southern
The Southern Ocean encircles Antarctica.
Which river flows through Iraq?
A Indus
B Tigris
C Nile
D Volga
The Tigris River flows through Iraq and joins the Euphrates.
Which lake is shrinking rapidly due to human activities?
A Lake Baikal
B Lake Superior
C Lake Chad
D Lake Victoria
Overuse of water and climate change have reduced Lake Chad’s size.
Which desert is known as the driest hot desert?
A Sahara
B Thar
C Kalahari
D Atacama
The Atacama Desert receives extremely low rainfall.
Which climate supports evergreen vegetation?
A Mediterranean
B Monsoon
C Equatorial
D Tundra
Continuous rainfall supports evergreen forests.
Which vegetation is found in high-altitude regions?
A Mangroves
B Alpine vegetation
C Savanna
D Tropical forest
Alpine plants grow in cold, high-altitude conditions.
Which sector includes tourism services?
A Primary
B Secondary
C Tertiary
D Quaternary
Tourism provides services and employment.
Which factor affects population density the most?
A Longitude
B Climate
C Time
D Direction
Climate influences agriculture, health, and living conditions.
Which continent has the lowest population density?
A Asia
B Africa
C Europe
D Australia
Large deserts and arid climate reduce population density in Australia.
Which group speaks Dravidian languages?
A North Indians
B South Indians
C Europeans
D Africans
Dravidian languages are mainly spoken in southern India.
Which religion originated in the Middle East?
A Buddhism
B Hinduism
C Islam
D Jainism
Islam originated in the Arabian Peninsula.
Which transport mode connects remote areas quickly?
A Railways
B Roadways
C Airways
D Waterways
Air transport overcomes physical barriers and distance quickly.
Which continent is known as the “Cradle of Humanity”?
A Asia
B Europe
C Africa
D Australia
Early human fossils were discovered in Africa.
Which river flows through Egypt?
A Niger
B Congo
C Nile
D Zambezi
The Nile River supports agriculture and settlement in Egypt.
Which desert lies in Australia?
A Sahara
B Gobi
C Great Victoria
D Kalahari
The Great Victoria Desert is located in Australia.
Which biome is found in high latitudes with coniferous trees?
A Savanna
B Taiga
C Tundra
D Grassland
Taiga forests dominate cold high-latitude regions.
Which economic activity extracts natural resources?
A Trade
B Transport
C Manufacturing
D Mining
Mining involves extraction of minerals from the earth.
Which factor promotes cultural diversity?
A Isolation
B Migration
C Uniform climate
D Single language
Migration brings people of different cultures together.