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Alcohols are organic compounds containing A –COOH group B –CHO group C –OH group attached to sp³ carbon D –OH group attached to sp² carbon Explanation Alcohols have hydroxyl group bonded to saturated carbon. Phenols differ from alcohols because the –OH group in phenols is attached to A sp³ carbon B sp² carbon of benzene…

Haloalkanes are organic compounds containing A –OH group B –COOH group C halogen atom bonded to sp³ carbon D halogen atom bonded to sp² carbon Explanation Haloalkanes (alkyl halides) have halogen attached to saturated carbon. Haloarenes differ from haloalkanes because in haloarenes the halogen is attached to A sp³ carbon B sp² carbon of aromatic…

Aromatic hydrocarbons are compounds that contain A only single bonds B only double bonds C conjugated planar ring with delocalised π-electrons D triple bonds only Explanation Aromaticity requires planarity, conjugation and delocalised π-electrons. Benzene has how many π-electrons A 2 B 4 C 6 D 8 Explanation Benzene follows Hückel’s rule (4n+2, n=1). Hückel’s rule…

Free radical reactions generally involve A heterolytic bond cleavage B homolytic bond cleavage C ionic intermediates D carbocation formation only Explanation Free radicals are formed by equal splitting of a covalent bond. A free radical is a species having A positive charge B negative charge C unpaired electron D paired electrons Explanation Presence of an…

Electrophilic addition reactions are characteristic of A alkanes B alkenes C aromatics D alcohols Explanation π-electrons of alkenes attract electrophiles, leading to addition reactions. In electrophilic addition, the first step is attack by A nucleophile B free radical C electrophile D base Explanation The π-bond donates electrons to an electrophile. Addition of HX to alkene…

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing A carbon and oxygen B carbon and nitrogen C carbon and hydrogen D carbon only Explanation Hydrocarbons consist exclusively of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Alkanes are also known as A unsaturated hydrocarbons B olefins C paraffins D aromatics Explanation Alkanes are called paraffins due to their low chemical reactivity. General…

Conversion of alkyl halide into alcohol using aqueous KOH is an example of A elimination reaction B nucleophilic substitution C electrophilic substitution D rearrangement Explanation OH⁻ acts as nucleophile and replaces halide ion. Reaction of alkyl halide with alcoholic KOH mainly gives A alcohol B alkene C ether D aldehyde Explanation Alcoholic KOH favours β-elimination…

Stereoisomers are compounds that have A same molecular formula but different functional groups B same molecular formula but different connectivity C same molecular formula and same connectivity but different spatial arrangement D different molecular formula Explanation Stereoisomers differ only in 3-D arrangement of atoms. Optical isomerism arises due to A plane of symmetry B centre…

Reaction intermediates are species which A exist before reaction starts B are more stable than products C are formed during reaction and consumed later D can be isolated easily Explanation Intermediates appear in the reaction pathway but do not appear in the overall equation. Which of the following is NOT a reaction intermediate A Carbocation…

Inductive effect in organic molecules is transmitted through A π-bonds B σ-bonds C hydrogen bonds D metallic bonds Explanation Inductive effect is the permanent displacement of σ-electrons due to electronegativity differences. The inductive effect decreases rapidly with increase in A temperature B molecular mass C distance along carbon chain D resonance energy Explanation Inductive effect…