Chapter 10: Organic Functional Groups (Part-3)

Aldehydes and ketones contain which functional group

A –COOH
B –CHO
C >C=O
D –OH

Aldehydes differ from ketones because aldehydes have

A two alkyl groups
B one hydrogen attached to carbonyl carbon
C aromatic ring
D two hydrogen atoms

Which compound is an aldehyde

A acetone
B acetophenone
C formaldehyde
D benzophenone

Carbonyl carbon in aldehydes and ketones is

A sp³ hybridised
B sp hybridised
C sp² hybridised
D dsp² hybridised

Aldehydes and ketones undergo mainly

A electrophilic substitution
B nucleophilic substitution
C nucleophilic addition
D free radical substitution

Which factor increases nucleophilic addition rate

A electron-donating groups
B electron-withdrawing groups
C bulky substituents
D steric hindrance

Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones due to

A steric hindrance
B inductive effect
C less steric hindrance and greater electrophilicity
D resonance

Order of reactivity towards nucleophilic addition is

A ketone > aldehyde > formaldehyde
B aldehyde > ketone > formaldehyde
C formaldehyde > aldehyde > ketone
D formaldehyde > ketone > aldehyde

Addition of HCN to aldehydes gives

A alcohol
B nitrile
C cyanohydrin
D amide

Formation of cyanohydrin involves attack of

A H⁺
B CN⁻
C NH₃
D OH⁻

Which reagent distinguishes aldehydes from ketones

A Fehling’s solution
B NaBH₄
C Grignard reagent
D HCN

Tollen’s reagent gives silver mirror with

A ketones
B aldehydes
C alcohols
D acids

Which aldehyde does not respond to Fehling’s test

A acetaldehyde
B formaldehyde
C benzaldehyde
D propanal

Schiff’s reagent gives pink colour with

A ketones
B aldehydes
C acids
D esters

Which compound gives iodoform test

A formaldehyde
B acetaldehyde
C benzaldehyde
D acetone

Reduction of aldehydes with NaBH₄ gives

A acids
B ketones
C primary alcohols
D secondary alcohols

Reduction of ketones gives

A primary alcohol
B secondary alcohol
C tertiary alcohol
D alkane

Oxidation of aldehydes gives

A alcohols
B ketones
C acids
D esters

Ketones do not oxidise easily because

A lack of oxygen
B lack of α-hydrogen
C strong C–C bond
D require C–C bond cleavage

Which reagent oxidises aldehyde selectively

A KMnO₄
B Tollens’ reagent
C NaBH₄
D LiAlH₄

Aldol condensation occurs in compounds having

A no α-hydrogen
B α-hydrogen
C aromatic ring
D halogen

Initial product of aldol condensation is

A α,β-unsaturated aldehyde
B β-hydroxy aldehyde
C ketone
D ester

Cannizzaro reaction is shown by aldehydes

A having α-hydrogen
B without α-hydrogen
C aromatic ketones
D all aldehydes

Cannizzaro reaction produces

A two alcohols
B two acids
C alcohol and acid
D ester

Cross Cannizzaro reaction requires

A two aldehydes without α-hydrogen
B one aldehyde with α-hydrogen
C two ketones
D alcohol

Grignard reagent adds to carbonyl compounds to form

A alkane
B alcohol
C acid
D ester

Reaction of formaldehyde with Grignard reagent gives

A secondary alcohol
B tertiary alcohol
C primary alcohol
D ketone

Reaction of ketone with Grignard reagent gives

A primary alcohol
B secondary alcohol
C tertiary alcohol
D aldehyde

Carboxylic acids contain which functional group

A –CHO
B –CO–
C –COOH
D –OH

Carboxylic acids are acidic due to

A inductive effect
B resonance stabilisation of carboxylate ion
C hydrogen bonding
D steric effect

Which acid is strongest

A formic acid
B acetic acid
C propionic acid
D butyric acid

Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity by

A destabilising carboxylate ion
B stabilising carboxylate ion
C increasing steric hindrance
D decreasing polarity

Reaction of carboxylic acid with alcohol gives

A ether
B ester
C aldehyde
D ketone

Esterification is catalysed by

A NaOH
B HCl
C conc. H₂SO₄
D NH₃

Reduction of carboxylic acid with LiAlH₄ gives

A aldehyde
B ketone
C primary alcohol
D secondary alcohol

Decarboxylation removes

A CO
B CO₂
C H₂O
D O₂

Heating sodium salt of acid with soda lime gives

A alkene
B alcohol
C alkane
D aldehyde

Which compound does not give Cannizzaro reaction

A formaldehyde
B benzaldehyde
C acetaldehyde
D chloral

Acid chloride is more reactive than acid because

A resonance
B inductive effect
C poor leaving group in acid
D steric hindrance

Acyl substitution involves

A nucleophilic addition only
B electrophilic substitution
C nucleophilic addition–elimination
D free radical

Carboxylic acids show nucleophilic substitution because

A C=O is polar
B –OH is good leaving group
C acid forms acylium ion
D resonance destabilisation

Acid chloride reacts fastest with nucleophile because

A steric hindrance
B poor leaving group
C strong −I effect of Cl
D weak C–Cl bond

Which reagent converts acid to acid chloride

A NaOH
B SOCl₂
C NH₃
D NaBH₄

Which compound gives effervescence with NaHCO₃

A alcohol
B phenol
C carboxylic acid
D aldehyde

Which compound is most acidic

A phenol
B ethanol
C acetic acid
D water

Which acid shows strongest −I effect

A acetic acid
B chloroacetic acid
C formic acid
D propionic acid

Reduction of acid chloride with Rosenmund catalyst gives

A acid
B alcohol
C aldehyde
D ketone

Which reaction converts nitrile to aldehyde

A Stephen reaction
B Cannizzaro reaction
C Aldol reaction
D Perkin reaction

Which compound shows both aldol and Cannizzaro reactions

A acetaldehyde
B formaldehyde
C benzaldehyde
D no compound

Correct statement is

A Ketones are more reactive than aldehydes
B Aldehydes resist oxidation
C Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenols
D Aldol reaction occurs without base