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The electric potential satisfies Laplace’s equation in a region when A charges are present B free charge density is zero C conductivity is high D dielectric constant changes Explanation Laplace requires ρ = 0. Line charge produces electric field that varies as A 1/r² B 1/r C r D constant Explanation Infinite line charge →…

A region where ∇×E⃗ = 0 implies A electric field is non-conservative B electric field is conservative C magnetic field is constant D potential does not exist Explanation Curl-free electric fields are conservative, allowing a scalar potential. A conductor in electrostatic equilibrium has A uniform electric field inside B zero electric field inside C infinite…

The electrostatic field is defined as A E⃗=−∇V B E⃗=∇V C E⃗=∇2V D E⃗=−∂V/∂t Explanation In electrostatics, the field is conservative and equals the negative gradient of potential. For a point charge, the electric field varies as A 1/r B 1/r² C r D Constant Explanation Coulomb’s law gives E∝1/r². Which equation is valid in…

Time period of SHM depends on: A Initial phase B Initial displacement C System parameters D Energy of the system Explanation T depends only on m, k, L, g etc., not initial conditions. The angular frequency of a mass–spring system is: A √(k/m) B k/m C m/k D √(m/k) Explanation ω=k/m\omega = \sqrt{k/m}ω=k/m​. Velocity in…

A body in SHM crosses the mean position every: A T B T/2 C T/4 D 2T Explanation It crosses mean position twice during one time period. The potential energy in SHM is maximum at: A Mean position B Extreme positions C At any random position D At zero displacement Explanation Maximum displacement → maximum…

The equation of SHM is x=Asin⁡(ωt+ϕ)x = A\sin(\omega t + \phi)x=Asin(ωt+ϕ). The quantity ϕ\phiϕ is called: A Angular velocity B Phase constant C Time period D Amplitude Explanation ϕ\phiϕ determines the initial phase of motion. Restoring force in SHM acts: A Away from equilibrium B Toward equilibrium C At 90° to displacement D Independent of…

Which of the following is the correct condition for SHM? A Restoring force ∝ velocity B Restoring force ∝ displacement C Restoring force ∝ – displacement D Restoring force ∝ displacement² Explanation SHM requires a restoring force proportional and opposite to displacement: F=−kxF = -kxF=−kx. The time period of a simple pendulum depends on: A…

If the length of a wire is doubled while radius remains same, its extension under same load will: A Reduce to half B Remain same C Double D Become four times Explanation Extension ∝ length (ΔL ∝ L). A material with high modulus of elasticity is: A Easily stretchable B Very rigid C Highly plastic…

A wire elongates by ΔL when loaded. The proportional constant linking stress and strain is: A Bulk modulus B Young’s modulus C Shear modulus D Breaking stress Explanation Young’s modulus = stress/strain for tensile deformation. Elastic limit represents: A Permanent deformation starts B Ultimate strength C Maximum elastic energy D Zero deformation Explanation After elastic…

A stress that changes the shape of a body without changing its volume is called: A Tensile stress B Bulk stress C Shearing stress D Longitudinal stress Explanation Shearing stress changes shape → volume remains constant. The ratio of stress to strain in the elastic region is: A Breaking stress B Elastic constant C Hooke’s…